Ishmael is the father of Muhammad, as he is considered a prophet in Islam.

According to the Bible, Ishmael was sent away with his mother Hagar and settled in the desert of Paran, where he married an Egyptian woman and fathered twelve sons. This biblical account suggests that Ishmael's descendants were distinct from the Israelites and did not play a direct role in the lineage leading to Muhammad. The geographical and cultural context provided in the Bible indicates that Ishmael's life and descendants were separate from the covenant made with Abraham regarding Isaac and Jacob, which is foundational to the Jewish and Christian faiths. Moreover, the Bible does not mention Muhammad or provide any prophecy regarding him. The New Testament focuses on Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of God's promises to humanity, and the lineage of Jesus is traced through Isaac, not Ishmael. This further emphasizes the distinction between the two lineages and their respective roles in biblical history. Additionally, while Muslims may claim that Ishmael is a prophet and an ancestor of Muhammad, the Christian perspective holds that the prophetic line is through Isaac, as affirmed in the scriptures. The Bible presents a clear narrative that does not support the idea that Ishmael is the father of Muhammad, thus challenging the Islamic claim on this point.