Muslims might argue that the Shema emphasizes the absolute oneness of God, contradicting the Christian belief in the Trinity.

In Psalm 110, David refers to his Lord as Adonai, who is positioned at Yahweh's right hand, indicating a unique authority and role. This passage suggests that the one who executes judgment and breaks kings is not Yahweh directly, but rather the Lord at His right hand, affirming the binitarian nature of God. Furthermore, Psalm 2 reinforces this idea by depicting the Messianic King as one who will destroy the nations in God's anger, again highlighting the distinct roles within the divine unity. The New Testament further supports this interpretation, as it claims that Jesus, the Messiah, will ultimately defeat all enemies and reign at God's right hand, fulfilling the prophecies of Psalm 110 and 2, thus maintaining the oneness of God while recognizing the distinct person of the Messiah.