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862 articles across 9 topics in Theology — page 12 of 18

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Theological Issues

Nikāḥ ḥalālah (tahlīl) — an academic overview

Theological Issues1,228 words6 min

_By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Abstract This short paper explains the Islamic legal rule commonly called nikāḥ ḥalālah (also…

Islamic Halal Slaughter: A Theological and Ethical Critique

Theological Issues360 words2 min

_Islamic Halal Slaughter: A Theological and Ethical Critique_ By Dr. Maxwell Shimba From both a theological and ethical standpoint, the practice of…

Unequal Equality? A Critical Examination of Race, Gender, and Hierarchy in Early Islamic Texts

Theological Issues771 words4 min

Title: Unequal Equality? A Critical Examination of Race, Gender, and Hierarchy in Early Islamic Texts _By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological…

A Scholarly Observation on Ritual Invocation in Islam and Ancestral Traditions

Theological Issues197 words1 min

A Scholarly Observation on Ritual Invocation in Islam and Ancestral Traditions By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute From a theological…

Question for Muslim Scholars and Believers

Theological Issues190 words1 min

Question for Muslim Scholars and Believers: In Islamic theology, the _Injeel_ (Gospel) is described as a divine revelation given by Allah. According…

A Comparative Theological Observation on Islamic Prayer Practices

Theological Issues187 words1 min

A Comparative Theological Observation on Islamic Prayer Practices By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute From a comparative religion…

I AM

Theological Issues1,670 words8 min

— _“God said, ‘This is My name forever’ (Exodus 3:15) and ‘I am’ (Exodus 3:14) — Why does Islam not have a parallel where Allah calls Himself “I…

Sheikh Arrested for Selling Pork as Lamb: A Case Study in Religious Ethics and Consumer Deception

Theological Issues737 words4 min

Title: _Sheikh Arrested for Selling Pork as Lamb: A Case Study in Religious Ethics and Consumer Deception_ By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological…

An Academic Inquiry into the Muslim Prayer for Guidance: A Theological and Philosophical Analysis

Theological Issues983 words5 min

Title: An Academic Inquiry into the Muslim Prayer for Guidance: A Theological and Philosophical Analysis By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological…

The Qur’an, contrary to widespread belief among its adherents, is not necessarily divinely inspired or authored

Theological Issues1,658 words8 min

The Qur’an, contrary to widespread belief among its adherents, is not necessarily divinely inspired or authored. Rather, it appears to reflect the…

Why Do We Say ISIS Are “True Muslims”?

Theological Issues613 words3 min

English Translation By Dr. Maxwell Shimba Shimba Theological Institute Why Do We Say ISIS Are “True Muslims”? Our Muslim brothers insist strongly…

Helel, Lucifer, and Halal: A Philological and Theological Inquiry into Claims of Linguistic Relationship

Theological Issues1,058 words5 min

_Helel, Lucifer, and Halal: A Philological and Theological Inquiry into Claims of Linguistic Relationship_ By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological…

Additional Controversial Characteristics Recorded in Islamic Traditions

Theological Issues417 words2 min

Additional Controversial Characteristics Recorded in Islamic Traditions 1\. He claimed revelations only when convenient In several hadith,…

Revised Professional Questions

Theological Issues366 words2 min

Revised Professional Questions 1. Who first claimed that Allah sent the angel Jibrīl? _Muhammad._ 2. Who asserted that Jibrīl delivered a revelation…

The Crisis of Authenticity in Islam: A Theological and Sociopolitical Reflection

Theological Issues792 words4 min

Title: The Crisis of Authenticity in Islam: A Theological and Sociopolitical Reflection _By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_…

Islam as a Culture of Arabification

Theological Issues498 words2 min

Islam as a Culture of Arabification _By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Islam, while widely recognized as a global religion,…

An Academic Analysis of the Rapid Growth of Islam: A Theological Perspective

Theological Issues498 words2 min

An Academic Analysis of the Rapid Growth of Islam: A Theological Perspective By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute The rapid expansion…

Why direct archaeological references to the name Allah are scarce

Theological Issues1,422 words7 min

_By Dr Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Abstract Islamic tradition holds that God sent a very large number of prophets to every people…

Militant Attack on Chibok: Churches and Vehicles Set Ablaze in Renewed Violence

Theological Issues231 words1 min

Breaking News Report – Academic Newsletter Edition Date: November 8, 2025 Location: Chibok, Borno State, Nigeria Headline: Militant Attack on Chibok:…

A Rising Threat: Radical Islam’s Reign of Terror Against Christians in Mozambique

Theological Issues526 words3 min

🕊️ SHIMBA THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER Date: October 28, 2025 By Dr. Maxwell Shimba A Rising Threat: Radical Islam’s Reign of Terror Against…

U.S. Missionary Kidnapped by Suspected Jihadists in Niger: A Theological Reflection and Call to Prayer

Theological Issues1,160 words6 min

Shimba Theological Institute Newsletter U.S. Missionary Kidnapped by Suspected Jihadists in Niger: A Theological Reflection and Call to Prayer…

Abraham Never Built the Kaʿbah

Theological Issues1,925 words10 min

_By Dr. Maxwell Shimba — Shimba Theological Institute_ Abstract (short). This article examines the widely held Islamic tradition that Abraham…

Divine Uncertainty in Qur’an 47:28: A Theological Inquiry into Allah’s “Installation”

Theological Issues968 words5 min

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute Abstract This article investigates the peculiar expression in _Qur’an 47:28_ , where Allah is…

ALLAH ALITEREMSHA AYA NA KUELEZA KUWA SINAGOGI SIO MISIKITI

Theological Issues1,024 words5 min

Jumamosi, Septemba 24,…

PROOF THAT MUSLIMS ARE MUHAMMADANS

Theological Issues1,570 words8 min

In this short post I am going present additional evidence that Islam is really Muhammadanism seeing that it has elevated Muhammad to godlike status,…

Why is Palestine Not Mentioned in the Qur’an?

Theological Issues641 words3 min

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba For Max Shimba Ministries Org Introduction A close reading of the Qur’an reveals a striking omission: the name _Palestine_ is…

Catholic Encyclopedia, Jews & Muslims

Theological Issues2,478 words12 min

This excerpt comes from the Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 8: Infamy-Lapparent, pp. 7-10. Here’s what the website states in respect to this…

Russian Patriarch Kirill on Islam, Judaism & Buddhism

Theological Issues1,816 words9 min

The following excerpt is taken from His Holiness Patriarch Kirill meets with Sheikh ul-Islam Allahshukur Pashazade, Chairman of the Caucasus Muslims’…

Eastern Orthodox on Islam, Judaism & Other Churches

Theological Issues2,431 words12 min

The statements cited here are taken from _For the Life of the World: Toward A Social Ethos of the Orthodox Church_, published by Holy Cross Orthodox…

Patriarch Bartholomew on Muslims

Theological Issues870 words4 min

I cite what Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew stated in respect to Muslims and Islam. All emphasis will be mine.…

Gregory Palamas on the Muslim God

Theological Issues385 words2 min

St. Gregory mentions a dialogue he had with a group of Turkish Muslims. What makes his comments rather amazing is that he affirms that both the…

ALLAH NEVER SAID TO ADAM “I AM GOD, WORSHIP ME”

Theological Issues767 words4 min

A Debate Challenge to Islamic Apologetics By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute Introduction For centuries, Islamic polemicists have…

The Anthropomorphic Dilemma: Allah’s “Shin” and the Question of Divine Uniqueness

Theological Issues859 words4 min

_By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Introduction One of the most complex theological tensions in Islamic theology lies in the…

The Prohibition of Friendship with Non-Muslims in Islam: A Critical Examination of Qur’anic Teaching and Theological Implications

Theological Issues984 words5 min

_Shimba Theological Institute_ Introduction One of the most contentious issues in Christian-Muslim dialogue concerns the Qur’anic injunctions…

The Question of Salvation in Islam and Christianity

Theological Issues453 words2 min

The Question of Salvation in Islam and Christianity By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute One of the most pressing theological issues…

Why Are 90% (or More) of the Prophets Named in the Qurʾān Jewish Men?

Theological Issues1,927 words10 min

An academic, multi-section inquiry with critical questions for Muslim readers By Dr Maxwell Shimba — Shimba Theological Institute Abstract The Qurʾān…

If All Are Born Muslim, Why the Need for Religion and Prophets?

Theological Issues936 words5 min

Introduction Islamic theology affirms that every human being is born a Muslim, naturally disposed to recognize and submit to Allah. This claim is…

SHIMBA THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER

Theological Issues1,010 words5 min

SHIMBA THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER Volume 7, Issue 4 — October 2025 ISSN: 2950-4125 Christian Teen Murdered by His Brother for Converting to…

Divine Judgment or Historical Irony?

Theological Issues843 words4 min

Title: Divine Judgment or Historical Irony? An Examination of Muhammad’s Death in Light of Quranic and Hadith Sources Author: Dr. Maxwell Shimba,…

ALLAH KILLED HIS OWN GREATEST PROPHET!

Theological Issues239 words1 min

Muhammad attacked the unsuspecting Jewish settlement of Khaibar without provocation, around 629 a.d (my estimate). He killed all males and tortured…

The Theological Problem of Predestined Damnation: Questioning the Racial Determinism in Islamic Traditions

Theological Issues986 words5 min

_By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Abstract This article critically examines a controversial narration found in _Mishkat…

The Role and Status of Women in Islam

Theological Issues1,024 words5 min

Title: The Role and Status of Women in Islam: A Theological and Anthropological Critique _By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_…

Christological Issues

4 articles

Eli, Eli, Lama Sabachthani: A Theological Defense of Jesus’ Fulfillment of Psalm 22, Not Forgetfulness

Christological Issues1,548 words8 min

Shimba Theological Institute Review Volume 3, Issue 2 (2025) Author: Dr. Maxwell Shimba Affiliation: Shimba Theological Institute, Orlando, Florida…

Jesus Is Not Just a Prophet. Muslims, Do Not Deceive Yourselves!!

Christological Issues468 words2 min

Jesus Is Not Just a Prophet. Muslims, Do Not Deceive Yourselves!! _By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute_ Today I went to Minneapolis…

Jesus Is the Real One: A Critical Theological Analysis of the Islamic Isa bin Maryam

Christological Issues897 words4 min

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba Shimba Theological Institute Abstract This article examines the theological divergence between the Biblical Jesus Christ—the…

The Apostolic Witness to the Divinity of Christ: A Theological Response to Islamic Criticism

Christological Issues496 words2 min

The Apostolic Witness to the Divinity of Christ: A Theological Response to Islamic Criticism By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute A…

Quranic Issues

1 articles

The Incompatibility of Quranic Doctrine with Genuine Peacebuilding

Quranic Issues301 words2 min

The Incompatibility of Quranic Doctrine with Genuine Peacebuilding By Dr. Maxwell Shimba _Shimba Theological Institute_ The recurring attempts by…

Biblical Issues

3 articles

All Articles

Theological Issues

Nikāḥ ḥalālah (tahlīl) — an academic overview

Islamic Halal Slaughter: A Theological and Ethical Critique

Unequal Equality? A Critical Examination of Race, Gender, and Hierarchy in Early Islamic Texts

A Scholarly Observation on Ritual Invocation in Islam and Ancestral Traditions

Question for Muslim Scholars and Believers

A Comparative Theological Observation on Islamic Prayer Practices

I AM

Sheikh Arrested for Selling Pork as Lamb: A Case Study in Religious Ethics and Consumer Deception

An Academic Inquiry into the Muslim Prayer for Guidance: A Theological and Philosophical Analysis

The Qur’an, contrary to widespread belief among its adherents, is not necessarily divinely inspired or authored

Why Do We Say ISIS Are “True Muslims”?

Helel, Lucifer, and Halal: A Philological and Theological Inquiry into Claims of Linguistic Relationship

Additional Controversial Characteristics Recorded in Islamic Traditions

Revised Professional Questions

The Crisis of Authenticity in Islam: A Theological and Sociopolitical Reflection

Islam as a Culture of Arabification

An Academic Analysis of the Rapid Growth of Islam: A Theological Perspective

Why direct archaeological references to the name Allah are scarce

Militant Attack on Chibok: Churches and Vehicles Set Ablaze in Renewed Violence

A Rising Threat: Radical Islam’s Reign of Terror Against Christians in Mozambique

U.S. Missionary Kidnapped by Suspected Jihadists in Niger: A Theological Reflection and Call to Prayer

Abraham Never Built the Kaʿbah

Divine Uncertainty in Qur’an 47:28: A Theological Inquiry into Allah’s “Installation”

ALLAH ALITEREMSHA AYA NA KUELEZA KUWA SINAGOGI SIO MISIKITI

PROOF THAT MUSLIMS ARE MUHAMMADANS

Why is Palestine Not Mentioned in the Qur’an?

Catholic Encyclopedia, Jews & Muslims

Russian Patriarch Kirill on Islam, Judaism & Buddhism

Eastern Orthodox on Islam, Judaism & Other Churches

Patriarch Bartholomew on Muslims

Gregory Palamas on the Muslim God

ALLAH NEVER SAID TO ADAM “I AM GOD, WORSHIP ME”

The Anthropomorphic Dilemma: Allah’s “Shin” and the Question of Divine Uniqueness

The Prohibition of Friendship with Non-Muslims in Islam: A Critical Examination of Qur’anic Teaching and Theological Implications

The Question of Salvation in Islam and Christianity

Why Are 90% (or More) of the Prophets Named in the Qurʾān Jewish Men?

If All Are Born Muslim, Why the Need for Religion and Prophets?

SHIMBA THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE NEWSLETTER

Divine Judgment or Historical Irony?

ALLAH KILLED HIS OWN GREATEST PROPHET!

The Theological Problem of Predestined Damnation: Questioning the Racial Determinism in Islamic Traditions

The Role and Status of Women in Islam

Christological Issues

Eli, Eli, Lama Sabachthani: A Theological Defense of Jesus’ Fulfillment of Psalm 22, Not Forgetfulness

Jesus Is Not Just a Prophet. Muslims, Do Not Deceive Yourselves!!

Jesus Is the Real One: A Critical Theological Analysis of the Islamic Isa bin Maryam

The Apostolic Witness to the Divinity of Christ: A Theological Response to Islamic Criticism

Quranic Issues

The Incompatibility of Quranic Doctrine with Genuine Peacebuilding

Biblical Issues

What is the veil according to the Bible?

The Bible Is Not Corrupted — Rather, Muslims Have Been Misinformed

Reclaiming Dignity: A Theological and Biblical Response to Islamic Female Veiling Practices

All Articles

Theological Issues

Nikāḥ ḥalālah (tahlīl) — an academic overview

Islamic Halal Slaughter: A Theological and Ethical Critique

Unequal Equality? A Critical Examination of Race, Gender, and Hierarchy in Early Islamic Texts

A Scholarly Observation on Ritual Invocation in Islam and Ancestral Traditions

Question for Muslim Scholars and Believers

A Comparative Theological Observation on Islamic Prayer Practices

I AM

Sheikh Arrested for Selling Pork as Lamb: A Case Study in Religious Ethics and Consumer Deception

An Academic Inquiry into the Muslim Prayer for Guidance: A Theological and Philosophical Analysis

The Qur’an, contrary to widespread belief among its adherents, is not necessarily divinely inspired or authored

Why Do We Say ISIS Are “True Muslims”?

Helel, Lucifer, and Halal: A Philological and Theological Inquiry into Claims of Linguistic Relationship

Additional Controversial Characteristics Recorded in Islamic Traditions

Revised Professional Questions

The Crisis of Authenticity in Islam: A Theological and Sociopolitical Reflection

Islam as a Culture of Arabification

An Academic Analysis of the Rapid Growth of Islam: A Theological Perspective

Why direct archaeological references to the name Allah are scarce

Militant Attack on Chibok: Churches and Vehicles Set Ablaze in Renewed Violence

A Rising Threat: Radical Islam’s Reign of Terror Against Christians in Mozambique

U.S. Missionary Kidnapped by Suspected Jihadists in Niger: A Theological Reflection and Call to Prayer

Abraham Never Built the Kaʿbah

Divine Uncertainty in Qur’an 47:28: A Theological Inquiry into Allah’s “Installation”